Mode of action
Due to its weed penetration features, oil emulsion concentrate provides significant improvement in herbicide absorption. Particularly, oil serves as a conductor of the active ingredient through the wax layer of a leaf and facilitates preparation penetration in deeper layers of a weed. Particles of the active ingredient in oil emulsion are at a fine state, thus providing highest stability and homogeneity of the sprayed solution, which promotes deep penetration of the preparation; when applied on a weed, oil emulsion distributes evenly and forms a film on the leaf surface preventing preparation evaporation and washing-off. This helps maintain preparation activity that does not depend on weather conditions.
The preparation impairs photosynthesis and protein metabolism in weeds. Phenmedipham and desmedipham penetrate through leaves and have a translaminar effect affecting photosynthesis. Ethofumesate penetrates roots and leaves and has a systemic effect impairing mitosis in cells of weeds.
Protective period
Protective period is determined by appearance of the second and third waves of weeds, which is dependent on weather conditions. The preparation affects weeds present in the plantings during spraying.
Speed of action
Visible signs of herbicide action appear depending on weather conditions on 4th to 8th day after application.
Spectrum of action Annual dicotyledonous and some grass weeds.
Sensitive species: ragweed, speedwell (species), pepper plant (species), charlock, black bindweed, sheep bur, common fumitory, bur grass (species), satin flower, spring groundsel, common orach, pigweed (species), milkweed (species), rough-stalked bluegrass, field scorpion grass, houndsberry, caseweed, hemp nettle (species), catch weed, portulaca, wild radish, bladder campion, sandweed, field pansy, amaranth (species), dish mustard, day-nettle.
Moderately sensitive species: bluebottle, vetch, Aleppo grass, tansy mustard, velvetleaf, copper rose, loose silky bent, oat grass, sow thistle (species), green ginger, millet (species), crabgrass, foxtail (species).
Feebly sensitive species: Canadian thistle, sheepbine, foxtail, dandelion (species), ryegrass (species), field chamomile, quack grass, mayweed, quitch.
Compatibility
Compatible with a number of herbicides used at beet plantings (Forward, Mitron, Lornet, etc.). Before use, check for physical and chemical compatibility.
Potential for resistance
No facts of resistance were observed when using herbicides based on ethofumesate, phenmedipham, and desmediphan.
